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* It is suggested that patients do the following exercise when accompanied by relatives or caregivers.

(A) Patients who had suffered from stroke

Stroke is a very common disease related to blood vessels in the brain, especially in middle-aged and elderly people. The most obvious sign is hemiparesis or hemiplegia, where the patient loses control of muscles on one side of his body partially or completely, thus losing the ability to look after himself.
Below is a set of functional training for patients who had suffered from stroke. Patients can practice at home to prepare for the recovery of self-care ability.

(1) Exercise suitable for patients who have lost voluntary control over upper limb of the affected side:

Sit up straight on a chair with feet flat on the floor. Place forearms on a desk with fingers interlocked. Move forward and backward on the hip joint, bringing the forearm back and forth on the desk repeatedly.
Simulated daily life situation: Pulling or pushing objects on the desk, such as pulling a cup towards yourself.

Place the elbows on the desk with fingers interlocked, and move the hands to:
(a) right ear (b) desk (c) left ear (d) desk
step by step repeatedly.
Simulated daily life situation: Contemplation with head supported by hands at the lower jaw

With fingers interlocked, touch the desk using the back of the two hands alternatively.
Simulated daily life situation: Flipping over cards or newspaper

With elbows on the desk and fingers interlocked, twist the wrists to the left and then to the right alternatively.

With the palm on the affected side facing upwards, slowly straighten out all fingers and then curl them up into a fist
Simulated daily life situation: Counting your fingers

Place the hand of the affected side on the desk and use the unaffected hand to spin the thumb on the affected side.

Straighten out the elbows as much as possible and life the hips as high as possible before resuming the original position
Simulated daily life situation: Raising objects to a higher position

With fingers interlocked and elbows straightened, focus your eyes on the thumbs and swing the upper limbs to the left together with the upper body until you see the left shoulder. After that turn to the right hand side slowly util you see the right shoulder. Repeat the whole process.
Simulated daily life situation: Reach out to the side for target objects

 
(2) The following exercise is suitable for patients who have partly restored voluntary control over the upper limbs of the affected side:

Place the elbows on the desk and sit up straight. Extend the shoulders backwards as much as possible.
Simulated daily life situation: Similar to stretching (yawning), but with forearms placed on the desk

Sit up straight and place your forearms on the desk. Turn your head to the left until you see your left shoulder, with the upper body turning to the same direction simultaneously. Repeat the process to the right hand side.
Simulated daily life situation: Turn around to greet others

With elbows on the desk, forearms apart and palms facing downwards, shift the weight of the body to the left elbow, and then to the right elbow.

Place the elbow of the affected side on the desk, and then use the affected hand to touch:
i. shoulder on the other side
ii. mouth
iii. ear on the affected side
Simulated daily life situation: Scratching itchy places

Place elbows on the desk, sit up straight and hold a ball using both hands. Bend the elbows, and then slowly straighten them to place the ball back onto the desk.
Simulated daily life situation: Picking up things on the desk

Sit up straight facing the desk and place a ball on the desk under the affected hand. Slowly move the ball forwards, backwards, to the left, and to the right.
Simulated daily life situation: Like playing mahjong

Sit up straight and place both hands on the desk with palms facing downwards. Slowly move the hands from the desk to the thighs and then back to the desk repeatedly.
Simulated daily life situation: Preparing to carry out activities on the desk

Sit up straight on a chair with feet flat on the floor. Place forearms on a desk with fingers interlocked. Move forward and backward on the hip joint, bringing the forearm back and forth on the desk repeatedly.
Simulated daily life situation: Pulling or pushing objects on the desk, such as pulling a cup towards yourself.

Sitting on a chair, bend the waist forward until the left hand can be placed flat on the floor. Relax, and then place the right hand flat on the floor. Relax again and repeat the whole set of movement several times.
Simulated daily life situation: Picking up things from the floor

 
(3) Exercise to be done lying on the bed

Posing the body into a form like an arch bridge:

  • Face upwards
  • Knees bent
  • Lift the hips from the bed and then relax slowly

Lifting the upper limbs:

  • Keep the fingers interlocked
  • Keep the elbows straight
  • Lift the arms upwards from the bed

Pushing the hands

  • Keep the fingers interlocked
  • Push the hands upwards away from the body as far as possible

Separating the lower limbs

  • Keep the knees bent and separated
  • Slowly move the thigh of the affected side to the left and to the right

Voluntary control over the affected leg

  • Face upwards
  • Keep the fingers interlocked
  • Slowly bend the knee on the affected side
  • Keep the foot flat on the bed
  • Slowly straighten out the knee
 
(4) Exercise for improving patients’ sense of balance

Sitting on one side of the bed, transfer certain object back and forth one side to the other side. Learn to support the weight of the body using the upper limb of the affected side with the wrist bent outwards and fingers flat on the bed.

Bending the waist forward:

  • Keep the feet flat on the floor
  • Keep the fingers interlocked
  • Bend the waist forward
  • Resume to original position of sitting up straight

Standing:

  • Grip onto the handrail firmly
  • Lift the leg of the affected side
  • Place the leg onto a wooden step

Shifting the body weight

  • Grip onto the handrail firmly
  • Keep the upper body upright
  • 1. shift the body weight sideways
  • 2. shift the body weight forward and backward
 
(5) Sensory Training
  • If voluntary control over the fingers is lost completely, more sensory stimulations can be given to the patient, such as placing the affected hand into a basin of rice.
  • If voluntary control over the fingers is lost only partially, patients can close their eyes and practice feeling the texture and shape of different objects.
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